Peran Pendidikan dalam Sosialisasi dan Pembentukan Nilai

Abstract

This study aims to comprehensively analyze the role of formal education in the socialization process and the formation of students' social values. Schools are seen as institutions providing structured social experiences through interactions between teachers, peers, and the learning environment, fostering values such as cooperation, discipline, tolerance, integrity, and responsibility. The literature review highlights that socialization mechanisms occur through key components: social interactions in learning, school culture, teacher role models, integration of values in both explicit and hidden curricula, extracurricular activities, and collaboration between school, parents, and the community. Findings show that a positive, consistent school culture significantly strengthens values of respect, solidarity, and discipline. Collaborative and project-based learning enhances empathy, communication, and appreciation for diversity. However, the digital era and multicultural context present new challenges, such as reduced face-to-face interactions and cyberbullying risks. Recommendations emphasize the need for digital literacy, ethics education, and a participatory, values-based curriculum.